Section 4(f) of the DOT Act of 1966 is triggered by funding or approval from a U.S. DOT agency for a project that proposes "use" of historic property or land from a publicly owned park, recreation area, or refuge. With a focus on historic properties, examine the stringent approval standards of this substantive law and discuss ways to better integrate and streamline Sections 4(f) and 106 with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process.